Papers on the inter-war years, 1919-1939

References on this page: LIDDELL HART: 15/3/224-266

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/224-245 Papers on disarmament, international force and collective security including League of Nations, 1921-1946

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/224

1923

Text of lecture, 'The maintenance of peace' on causes of international wars and diplomatic, legal and military methods of maintaining peace, by Col Samuel Vestal, Coast Artillery Corps, Army War College, Washington, DC, delivered before the Richmond Sector Association of the Army of the United States, Richmond, Virginia, 23 Feb 1923. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/225

1926-1932

Newspaper cuttings on disarmament, mainly relations between Britain, USA, Japan, France and Italy regarding naval limitations agreed at the Washington and London naval conferences, 1921-1922 and 1930; proceedings at the Preparatory Commission for the League of Nations Disarmament Conference, Geneva, 1927. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/226

1928

'Projected law, the enactment, promulgation and enforcement of which will prevent war among nations', by His Excellency Lt Gen Frits Holm, Royal Yacht Club, Copenhagen, Denmark, Jun 1928, a proposal to compel all political, civil, military and ecclesiastical leaders and officials of state to participate in armed combat in event of a war. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/227

1930-1931

Limitation of Land Armaments and Limitation of Air Armaments Vol 6 No 2 and 17, by David Woodward, and The Burden of Armaments by William Stone, Vol 7 No 20 (Foreign Policy Association, New York, 2 Apr and 29 Oct 1930 and 9 Dec 1931). 3 booklets

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/228

1930-1935

Newspaper cuttings and journal articles relating to disarmament, particularly proceedings at League of Nations Conference for the Reduction and Limitation of Armaments, Geneva, 1932-1933; views on war guilt clauses and arms limitations placed on Germany by Treaty of Versailles, 1919; Japanese occupation of Manchuria, China, and disregard of moral censure by the League; views on national security requirements in Britain, France, USA, Japan, Italy and Germany; role of the League and lack of coercive powers against aggressor states. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/229

1931 Jan-1933 Jan

Correspondence between LIDDELL HART, Col John Brown, chairman of the British Legion and vice-president of the British branch of the Interallied Federation of Ex-Service Men, and H R Cummings of the League of Nations Secretariat, relating to British Legion policy on disarmament, including draft pamphlet on disarmament by Brown and text of article by LIDDELL HART proposing a scheme for land disarmament. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/230

1932

Parliamentary Debates, House of Lords, Official Report [Unrevised], Vol 86 No 3, 29 Nov 1932, (HMSO, London, 1932) on British disarmament policy in relation to the Sino-Japanese conflict in Manchuria, China, including report by the Lytton Commission, Oct 1932, sent by the League of Nations to investigate Japanese and Chinese territorial claims, and Japanese disregard of moral censure by the League. 2 booklets

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/231

1932-[1938]

Typescript memoranda mainly by LIDDELL HART on organisation and methods of international military force to suppress aggression, including proposals for a system of international air bases and an international air fleet. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/232

1933

Publicity leaflet for the League of Nations Institute of Intellectual Co-operation, sixth Conference of Institutions for the Scientific Study of International Relations, London, 29 May-2 Jun 1933 (British Co-ordinating Committee for International Studies, London, 1933). 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/233

1934

New Wars For Old by Helen Swanwick, British substitute delegate to the League of Nations Assembly, 1924 and 1929 (Women's International League, London, 1934) including analysis of the League of Nations' foundation, covenant and achievements in the promotion of international co-operation and peace, and proposal for the establishment of an international police force and legislature. 1 booklet

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/234

1934-1937

Newspaper cuttings relating to collective security, disarmament and national security, particularly views on an international court and police force to settle disputes; German demands for equality of status in Europe and rearmament from 1934; decline in League of Nations' authority following withdrawal of Japan and Germany in 1933, absence of USA and violations of the covenant, Geneva Convention and regional treaties notably by Italy, Japan and Germany; Anglo-German naval limitation agreement, 1935; European relations over colonies and mandated territories. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/235

1934-[1942]

Newspaper cuttings and journal articles relating to practical and political obstacles to the establishment of organisations for international co-operation and force; schemes for centralised control of aviation. Including 'The problem of a super-national police force' by Maj Gen John Frederick Charles Fuller in The Army, Navy and Air Force Gazette, 18 Oct 1934 and 'The role of sea power in international policing' by Adm Sir Herbert W Richmond in Garvin's Gazette No 2 [1942]. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/236

1935

Papers relating to the plebiscite in the Saarland, Germany, Jan 1935, ending League of Nations' administration imposed by the Treaty of Versailles, 1919, including letter from (signature illegible) dated 10 Feb 1935, describing the plebiscite, role of the British contingent of the International Force in the Saar Territory and attitude of Saarlanders towards British troops and Nazi Germany. With photograph of a ballot box collection supervised by the International Force. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/237

1935

Economics of Air Transport (League of Nations, Geneva, Feb 1935, published in Britain by Allen and Unwin, London) report by Henri Bouché on establishing a network of permanent air routes, submitted to a sub-committee of the Air Transport Co-operation Committee, League of Nations Organisation for Communications and Transit. 1 vol

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/238

1935

Letter from LIDDELL HART to Dr L Baden Guest of the Leverhulme Research Fellowship, London, 6 Jul 1935, enclosing a summary of his research on 'The problem of the creation and use of an international force in the light of history and present technical conditions'. With LIDDELL HART's manuscript research notes. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/239

1936-1938

Newspaper cuttings mainly on British attempts to seek international agreement on limitation of air warfare, following bombing of civilian populations by Nationalist and Republican forces in the Spanish Civil War during 1938, including criticism of the plan by the German press citing British air policy during 1920s and 1930s in North West Frontier Province, India. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/240

1937 Jun-Jul

Two typescripts by Jonathan Griffin on preparing home front defences, including maintenance of services and supplies and air raid precautions. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/241

1937-1952

Newspaper cuttings relating to the League of Nations, particularly proposals to reform the covenant in 1937; criticism by member states for failure to prevent the Sino-Japanese war, 1937, German annexation of the Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia, Sep 1938 and war in Europe, Sep 1939; plans for a new peace structure in 1944 and formation of the United Nations, Apr 1946. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/242

1938

Papers relating to protection of civilian populations in warfare, including remarks by LIDDELL HART and others on a draft convention for protection of civilians against new weapons of war, submitted by C G Dehn to the 14th conference of the International Law Association, Aug-Sep 1938; copy of 'Bombing of civilians. Appeal to the contestants in Spain' by Edgar Algernon Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood, the Bishop of London Rt Rev and Rt Hon Arthur Foley Winnington-Ingram and Sir Walter Thomas Layton, with full list of signatories, including LIDDELL HART, and reply of the Spanish government, Feb 1938. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/243

1938

Publications relating to the [Geneva Conventions] comprising Le Lieu de Genève, exposé général by Gen Georges Saint-Paul (Imprimerie Arrault et Cie, Tours, 1938) originally published in Strasbourg Médical, and pamphlet containing the manifesto of the Lieux de Genève, 'Association pour la protection des populations civiles en cas de conflits armés', dated Jun 1937. 2 booklets

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/244

1943

Exploring Tomorrow, discussion notes edited by Charles Kimber (Federal Union, London, 1943) containing articles on the concept of a United Nations peacetime organisation, disarmament and international co-operation. 1 vol

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/245

[1945-1950]

Account, probably by LIDDELL HART, on the causes of war and principles governing its conduct, with particular reference to loss of human and civil rights to the state, justifications for 'total' war and legality of weapons which are notably inhumane and indiscriminate in their effects including the atomic bomb. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/246-266 Papers on the League of Nations Conference for the Reduction and Limitation of Armaments (Disarmament Conference) Geneva, 1931-1932, including the Preparatory Commission, 1926-1938

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/246

1926

Report of Sub-Commission A (Military, Naval and Air) League of Nations Preparatory Commission for the Disarmament Conference (League of Nations, Geneva, Dec 1926, published in Britain by Allen and Unwin, London). 1 vol

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/247

1927

Papers relating to the Preparatory Commission for the League of Nations Disarmament Conference, Geneva, comprising copies of the 'French preliminary draft treaty for the limitation of armaments' 22 Mar 1927, and an unofficial report on the commission's third session assessing the British and French draft disarmament conventions. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/248

1931

Disarmament, Preparations for the General Conference (Feb 1932) (Information Section, League of Nations Secretariat, Geneva, 1931) including text of the draft disarmament convention accepted by the Preparatory Commission. 1 booklet

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/249

1931-1932

Particulars with regard to the position of armaments in the various countries, statistical information supplied by Germany, France and USSR in advance of the Conference for the Reduction and Limitation of Armaments, commencing Feb 1932 (League of Nations, Geneva, 1931-1932, published in Britain by Allen and Unwin, London). 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/250

1931-1935

Newspaper cuttings and journal articles relating to the League of Nations Conference for Reduction and Limitation of Armaments, particularly British, French, American and German proposals for land, sea and air disarmament; German objections to draft disarmament conventions of France and Britain and demands for equality of status and repeal of military restrictions imposed by the Treaty of Versailles, 1919. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/251

1932

List of Delegates and Members of Delegations (Revised), Conference for the Reduction and Limitation of Armaments (League of Nations, Geneva, 1932, published in Britain by Allen and Unwin, London). 1 vol

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/252

1932

Transcripts of opening speech at the Conference for the Reduction and Limitation of Armaments, and speech to the [Conference assembly] on the work so far accomplished, 13 Jun 1932, by Conference President Rt Hon Arthur Henderson. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/253

1932

Provisional minutes of 2nd, 3rd and 8th-16th meetings of General Commission of the League of Nations Conference for the Reduction and Limitation of Armaments, covering discussion of Article 1 of the Draft Disarmament Convention, the agreement to limit and reduce armaments, and draft responses to Article 1, notably by USA, USSR, Italy, Turkey, Spain, Poland, Japan, China, Persia, Denmark and France. With typescript draft summary of proposals and principles raised in relation to the Convention, particularly Article 1 (mainly League of Nations, Geneva, 1932, published in Britain by Allen and Unwin, London). 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/254

1932

Verbatim Records of Plenary Meetings Vol 1, 2 Feb-23 Jul 1932, League of Nations Conference for the Reduction and Limitation of Armaments (League of Nations, Geneva, Dec 1932, published in Britain by Allen and Unwin, London). 1 vol

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/255

1932

Conference Documents, Vols 1 and 2, League of Nations Conference for the Reduction and Limitation of Armaments (League of Nations, Geneva, Dec 1932, published in Britain by Allen and Unwin, London). 2 vols

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/256

1932

Disarmament, 'a review of the acts of the League of Nations and governments, parliamentary debates and the trend of public opinion and action relating to the World Disarmament Conference 1932', Vol 2 No 18 (The Disarmament Information Committee, Geneva, published in Britain by the League of Nations Union, London, 1 Dec 1932) including articles 'The French and British plans' by Baron von Rheinbaben and 'A European militia system' by LIDDELL HART. 1 vol

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/257

1932-1933

Minutes of the General Commission, Vols 1 and 2, 9 Feb-23 Jul 1932 and 14 Dec 1932-29 Jun 1933, League of Nations Conference for the Reduction and Limitation of Armaments (League of Nations, Geneva, Dec 1932 and Sep 1933, published in Britain by Allen and Unwin, London). 2 vols

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/258

1932-1933

Reports, including typescripts, submitted by committees and commissions convened at the League of Nations Conference for the Reduction and Limitation of Armaments, notably by the Land Commission; Naval Commission; Committee for Regulation of Trade in and Private and State Manufacture of Arms or Implements of War; Chemical, Incendiary and Bacteriological Weapons Special Committee. Also documents on moral disarmament supplied by the International Organisation on Intellectual Co-operation and memorandum by conference Secretary General on analogies between the problem of traffic in narcotic drugs and trade in and manufacture of arms (mainly League of Nations, Geneva, 1932-1933, published in Britain by Allen and Unwin, London). 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/259

1932-1933

Disarmament proposals, notably by France, USSR, Britain, Italy, Germany, Poland, Netherlands, Denmark and Turkey, submitted at the League of Nations Conference for the Reduction and Limitation of Armaments, covering military personnel; land, naval and air armaments; defence expenditure; chemical and bacteriological weapons; supervision by a permanent disarmament commission; trade and manufacture of arms; protection of civilian populations (League of Nations, Geneva, 1932-1933, published in Britain by Allen and Unwin, London). 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/260

1932-1933

Confidential reports on proceedings at League of Nations Conference for Reduction and Limitation of Armaments by Philip John Noel-Baker, private secretary to the conference President Arthur Henderson, covering official 'private' negotiations between delegations; views on private manufacture of arms; Japanese conquest of Manchuria, China, 1931-1932, rejection of arms reduction and withdrawal from the League in 1933; French and British disarmament schemes and attitude to German re-armament policy. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/261

1933

Journal of the Conference, special supplement No 3 (League of Nations Conference for the Reduction and Limitation of Armaments, Geneva, 23 Mar 1933), containing report on messages of support received by the Conference from international ex-servicemen's associations and French, British and American peace organisations. 1 vol

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/262

1934

Documents concerning the date of the resumption of the work of the Conference and correspondence between the President of the Conference and governments of the United Kingdom, France and Italy, covering suspension in Nov 1933 of the League of Nations Conference for the Reduction and Limitation of Armaments, Geneva, the start of subsidiary diplomatic negotiations and the possibility of concluding a Disarmament Convention in 1934 (League of Nations, Geneva, 1934, published in Britain by Allen and Unwin, London). 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/263

1935

Minutes of the Bureau Vol 1, 21 Sep 1932-27 Jun 1933, League of Nations Conference for the Reduction and Limitation of Armaments (League of Nations, Geneva, 1935, published in Britain by Allen and Unwin, London). 1 vol

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/264

1935

Draft Convention, prepared by the Technical Committee of the National Defence Expenditure Commission, League of Nations Conference for the Reduction and Limitation of Armaments, (League of Nations, Geneva, Dec 1934, published in Britain by Allen and Unwin, London). 1 vol

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/265

1937

Völkerbund, the disarmament conference (German Association for League of Nations questions, 2 Feb and 30 Apr 1937) including articles on scale of defences and national security policies in Russia, France, Czechoslovakia, Italy, Poland, Belgium, Britain and Switzerland. 1 file

LIDDELL HART: 15/3/266

1938

National Control of the Manufacture of and Trade in Arms, information as to present position collected by the Secretariat in accordance with the Resolution adopted on May 31st, 1937, by the Bureau of the Conference, League of Nations Conference for the Reduction and Limitation of Armaments (League of Nations, Geneva, Apr 1938, published in Britain by Allen and Unwin, London). 1 vol