Calendar: 1861-1862 Page 117

APPLIED SCIENCES 117 them to resist pressure unitedly Bond as principle in con- struction and in its particular application to certain of the arts of construction Framing as means of combining rigid fibrous materials to compel them to act together whether it be in and as framed roof framed floor framed field-gate or framed lock-gate framed barn-door or as framed door to kitchen or parlour in dwelling-house Trussing as variety of framing by which the principle of the arch is made available in Carpentry with tie instead of abutment Arching as means of bearing over voids with heavy mate- rials requiring counteractingly heavy or otherwise sufficiently resisting abutments The manufacture of Bricks the composition of Mortars and Cements the setting or laying of Bricks Quarrying Stone converting dressing adapting hoisting adjusting setting and fixing Stone in Constructions Converting Timber to the various purposes of the Con- structor Framing Timber Trussing Timbers by simple Car- pentry and with the aid of iron either cast as in heads and shoes or otherwise in substitution of timber under compression or wrought in substitution of timber under tensile strain as in rods and as means of holding work together in straps pins screw and nutted screw-bolts &c Metals generally applicable as such in or as aids in con- struction and the modes of applying them according to their respective uses The Structure and Composition of Floors in their varieties and of various materials The Structure of Roofs in their various forms materials and application The various materials for covering Roofs and the means of applying and fixing them severally and respectively The modes of applying the materials used in forming and constructing Drains in their varieties according to their situa- tions and the services required of them in any case The constructive processes applied to the plastic substances